A proctologist is most often contacted when symptoms of haemorrhoids occur. Both men and women are susceptible to this disease. There are many reasons, from the individual characteristics of the body to strong external influences. In women, the problem most often appears during or after pregnancy, because throughout pregnancy there is an increase in pressure inside the abdominal cavity.
At the onset of the 3rd stage of haemorrhoids, it becomes impossible to solve the problem on your own. The nodes begin to fall out and cannot be adjusted on their own. The condition can get worse on a daily basis, so you should know how to deal with this situation.
External and internal haemorrhoids stage 3: clinical picture
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There are several main symptoms that indicate a clear transition of the disease to the third stage:
- constant prolapse of hemorrhagic nodes under any stress, be it coughing, defecation, sneezing, accidental straining during sudden laughter;
- loss is accompanied by pain that was not there before;
- due to injury to the nodes, bleeding begins, they can occur every time they prolapse;
- sphincter spasm;
- itching due to constant discharge from the rectum.
The appearance of even one sign indicates that the pathology has worsened and moved to a more severe stage.
If you do not start treatment of haemorrhoids in a timely manner, the symptoms will become more pronounced and complications will appear:
- paraproctitis;
- anal fissures;
- attacks of acute haemorrhoids (strangulation of haemorrhoidal lumps or their blockage with a blood clot).
Attacks are always accompanied by sharp pain, profuse bleeding, and severe spasm of the sphincter. To prevent haemorrhoids from leaving consequences, you must immediately seek qualified medical help.
With internal haemorrhoids the symptoms will be similar, the difference is that this form is often not noticeable in the early stages. The nodes are located inside the anal canal (under the mucous membrane of the rectum), and not everyone can detect them in a timely manner.
Treatment of stage 3 haemorrhoids in men
Haemorrhoids occur 3 times more often in men than in women. This is explained by the fact that girls have more resilient blood vessels and veins. Nature provides for carrying a child and increasing the load several times.
An unhealthy lifestyle also contributes to the appearance of haemorrhoids: low mobility, an abundance of junk food, which causes stagnation of feces in the intestines.
Acute haemorrhoids that occur for the first time are usually treated with conservative methods. The chronic form is treated surgically:
- infrared coagulation;
- laser surgery;
- Longo operation;
- sclerotherapy.
Only by consulting a doctor can quick positive results be achieved.
Treatment of stage 3 haemorrhoids in women
Acute haemorrhoids can occur in women at any age; after 30, the risk of chronic progression increases.
Treatment can include the following:
- conservative methods (diet and lifestyle);
- minimally invasive methods (laser therapy, Longo operation);
- surgical intervention (haemorrhoidectomy).
The chosen method depends on the severity of haemorrhoids in the specific patient.
Treatment of acute, combined stage 3 haemorrhoids
Conservative treatment is possible up to stage 3, as long as the nodes can still be repositioned without surgical intervention. But even this procedure should not be performed independently.
Conservative therapy includes the following recommendations:
- consume a sufficient amount of foods containing fiber to avoid constipation;
- drink plenty of water, at least 2 liters per day for an adult;
- spend more time moving, it is not necessary to do sports, it is enough to walk at least 10-15 thousand steps, this will help keep blood vessels toned;
- go to the toilet on time, do not hold it in, because feces tend to harden;
- straining less during defecation – this increases the load on veins;
- perform Kegel exercises.
In addition to the above recommendations, the patient is prescribed conservative medical procedures.
If the above methods did not help correct the situation, doctors resort to the following options:
- transanal resection using the Longo method;
- ligation with latex rings;
- haemorrhoidectomy.
Regardless of the preferred method, it should be prescribed by an experienced doctor who is familiar with the medical history and can assess the situation. Self-treatment can worsen the condition and cause additional complications.
Treatment of Chronic Stage 3 Haemorrhoids
The chronic stage of haemorrhoids is different from the usual course of the disease.
It is divided into several stages:
- Stage 1. Characterized by bleeding without prolapse of the nodes.
- Stage 2. Haemorrhoidal nodes occasionally prolapse but retract on their own without outside help.
- Stage 3. Prolapse of nodes, which is accompanied by bleeding. The patient can adjust them independently without resorting to medical intervention.
- 4th stage. Regular prolapse of haemorrhoids, which may be accompanied by bleeding. Reduction is impossible without medical intervention.
At stages 1-3, treatment can be conservative; at stage 4, surgical intervention is required.
The conservative method involves normalizing the activity of the gastrointestinal tract and eliminating constipation with the help of plenty of fluids and special nutrition.
If the chosen treatment method does not give the desired result, the doctor prescribes minimally invasive surgery:
- sclerotherapy;
- laser thrombectomy;
- desarterization under the control of ultrasound Doppler;
- haemorrhoidectomy;
- operation using the Longo method.
The essence of the operation using the Longo method is the resection of a certain area of the mucosa and submucosa with vessels in order to tighten the haemorrhoids and block the access of blood to them. After such manipulation they gradually dissolve.
The specific treatment method is selected individually, taking into account the severity of the pathology and the characteristics of the patient’s condition. The surgical method is often combined with a conservative method so that the effect of therapy is more obvious.
Timely visit to the clinic allows you to get rid of haemorrhoids and achieve remission in a short time, even with the 3rd and 4th stages of the disease. Self-treatment often aggravates the process and leads to severe complications.